abstract：:Anti-fungal agents are classified under two major headings, systematic and topical agents. Only systematic anti-fungal agents will be discussed in this chapter. Since the discovery in 1955, amphotericin B has been the cornerstone of anti-fungal treatment. It is active against most species of fungi. However, Candida lu...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Abuhammour W,Habte-Gabr E

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Other investigators have found that in adults the Serum-Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) to be 1.1 g/dl or greater in the presence of portal hypertension (PTHN) and less than that in its absence. We sought to determine the correlation between the level of SAAG and the complications of PTHN, manifested by the presence o...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Das BB,Purohit A,Acharya U,Treskova E

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (GT) is an uncommon cause of bleeding in children. We diagnosed two siblings as having GT on the basis of flow cytometric studies. Both had cutaneous bleedings and epistaxis since early childhood. Hematological investigations revealed prolonged bleeding time and a normal platelet count. Both...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Tullu MS,Dixit PS,Nair SB,Kamat JR,Vaswani RK,Shetty SD,Pawar AR

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The terms trend and cerebral palsy are defined emphazing the non-diagnostic nature of the cerebral palsy label. Criteria necessary for valid estimation of trends include constant methods of estimating population based numerators and denominators over a number of years, which render them hard to obtain, particularly in...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Blair E

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nutrition plays a vital role in maintaining and enhancing the health of an individual. As mortality within intensive care units declines because of increased expertise and better equipment, attention is being focused on better methods of feeding the critically ill child. Feeding the child is one aspect that has been r...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Udani S

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To study pulmonary function tests (PFT) in multiple transfusion recipient thalassemics, PFTs were done for 30 thalassemics and 20 matched controls. Confirmed cases of thalassemia on regular transfusion therapy were the subject of study. Apart from history and physical examination of the thalassemics, serum ferritin es...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Arora M,Chandra J,Suri JC,Narayan S,Dutta AK

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypocalcemia is a rare, but reversible, cause of congestive heart failure. We report a 4-month-old boy diagnosed as dilated cardiomyopathy who had prolonged QoTc with low blood levels of calcium, normal phosphate, elevated alkaline phosphatase and findings suggestive of rickets. In view of non response to calcium and ...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Gulati S,Bajpai A,Juneja R,Kabra M,Bagga A,Kalra V

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The advent of AIDS has raised a concern regarding transfusion transmitted diseases. Blood transfusion is safer than ever before through continued improvements in safe donor recruitment, screening of donors, testing of donated blood and appropriate clinical use of blood. The risk of residual infections is further reduc...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Bharucha ZS

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, new broad spectrum carbapenem has been investigated on a world-wide scale for the treatment of moderate to severe infections. In the neonatal intensive care units the extensive use of third generation cephalosporins for therapy of neonatal sepsis may lead to rapid emergence of multiresistant gram-negative or...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Köksal N,Hacimustafaoğlu M,Bağci S,Celebi S

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood is defined as a 'drug' under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act. The Standard of drugs is laid down in the Indian Pharmacopoeia. The first step towards blood safety is to encourage blood donations, which are voluntary, non-remunerated and obtained from low-risk and regular donors. A regular donor is one who donates blo...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Viswanathan C

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Skeletal dysplasia are a relatively common and distinct group of genetic disorders. Even though abnormalities of bone growth are the major clinical manifestations, the pathological process may involve in any body system. Many of these disorders have dire consequences such as neonatal death and most will have life-long...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Macpherson RI,Pai GS

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This editorial provides information on the first draft of the human genome, and examines the impact this will have on the practice of medicine, with special reference to India. It examines what is currently possible in India, what we should do in the immediate future, and what is in store in the long run. The future i...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Verma IC

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Malignant tumours of the chest wall are rare in the pediatric age group. Askin tumour, a primitive neuroectodermal tumour with aggressive nature, is extremely rare. Clinico-pathological features make it quite distinct from Ewing's sarcoma. Aggressive nature of the tumour results in short clinical presentation of the p...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Aggarwal M,Lakhhar B,Aggarwal BK,Anugu R

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although hypersensitivity to foods is often linked to exacerbations of symptoms of respiratory allergy, no such information is available regarding the foods traditionally considered to play a probable etiological role in respiratory allergy in India, which are in fact quite different from the ones implicated in the We...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Sharman J,Kumar L,Singh S

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fraser or Cryptophthalmos syndrome is a variable syndrome to the extent that cryptophthalmos might not be present in all cases. However, the main features are a "hidden eye", other craniofacial abnormalities, renal abnormalities, syndactyly and abnormal genitalia. It may be classified as isolated cryptophthalmos or cr...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Kabra M,Gulati S,Ghosh M,Menon PS

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the last eight years a total of nine cases of isolated congenital coronary arteriovenous fistula (CAVF) have been diagnosed at our centre. Age of these patients ranged from 11 days to 22 years (mean 6.4 +/- 4.2 years). There were seven male and two female patients. Right and left coronary arteries were the site...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Chopra V,Saxena A,Kothari SS,Juneja R,Sharma S,Rajani M,Manchanda SC

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the classic description of this disease by Harold Hirschsprung's. In 1886 just over a century ago, there has been a marked evolution in the diagnostic modalities, understanding of the pathophysiology, unraveling of genetic association and the treatment approach of this disease. Recent research on the molecular b...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Lall A,Gupta DK,Bajpai M

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A detailed information on a total of 448 consecutive Nepali births which occurred between January 1, 1985 and December 31, 1994 was collected from the birth registers of the Khasi-Jaintia Presbetyrian Synod Hospital of Shillong, Meghalaya. After the exclusion of still and twin births, and the cases of missing informat...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Mondal B

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The natural history of the univentricular physiology is determined primarily by the presence (severity) or absence of obstruction to pulmonary blood flow and secondarily by the single ventricular cardiomyopathy that develops in response to chronic volume overload. Important obstruction to pulmonary blood flow will aff...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Sharma R

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:India currently has an infant mortality rate (IMR) of 73 and aims to reach 60 per 1000 live births by 2000 A.D. The "at risk" approach which has been traditionally used for Maternal and Child Health services could help to reduce costs. The main objective of the study was to identity socio-demographic "risk factors" at...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Kumar G,Anand K,Kant S,Kapoor SK

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In patients with Mycoplasma pneumonia extrapulmonary manifestations such as encephalitis, meningitis, cerebellar and brain stem involvement, cranial nerve lesions, peripheral neuropathy, polymyositis have been observed. We report a 16-year-old girl with M. pneumonia infection, acute behavioral changes and coma. Treatm...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Gücüyener K,Simşek F,Yilmaz O,Serdaroğlu A

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While head injuries are not common in youth sports, they may have catastrophic results. Concussion is also referred to as mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). Although the occurrence of head injuries has been studied more extensively in American football, the findings have wider application for any MTBI. Recently, more...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Baker RJ,Patel DR

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Conducting economic evaluation alongside clinical trials is an efficient way of getting valid and reliable information with minimum assumptions made during data collection. However, design of a randomised control trial (RCT) takes away several of the real world situations, the variations in resource utilisation, their...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Jain S,Arora NK

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The original Jones Criteria as proposed by Dr. T. Duckett Jones have been modified four times and the updated revised criteria were published in 1992. According to this latest publication major manifestations are carditis, polyarthritis, chorea, erythema marginatum and subcutaneous nodules. Minor manifestations includ...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Saxena A

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pulmonary arterial hypertension in children can occur secondary to shunt lesion like ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus or it may be idiopathic, the so called primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). The progression of PPH is usually rapid in children as compared to adults and the mean survival is 2-3 ye...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Krishnan U

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The magnitude of work and existence of multiple agencies makes the task of providing school health services to all pupils of the State of Delhi with uniform standards, a very complex job. The present article looks at the matter from the provider's end, illustrates the structural and organizational features of various ...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Aggarwal OP,Chaturvedi S

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tuberculosis continues to be a major infectious cause of global morbidity and mortality, both in children and adults, in spite of widespread vaccination of infants with Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and the availability of effective antibiotics. The failure of BCG to significantly affect disease incidence in adults in...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： McMurray DN

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lead poisoning is a preventable entity that can affect almost every system of the body. Its toxic effects range from subtle common childhood symptoms to even death. In a prospective study forty six children with at least one symptom compatible with plumbism were enrolled after screening patients attending medical serv...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Kalra V,Gulati S,Chitralekha KT,Pande P,Makhijani SD,Sharma CS

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Respiratory disease in childhood is common but not all children presenting to the paediatrician have an underlying organic cause for their symptoms. This article reviews the spectrum of non-organic somatization disorders that might be encountered and advises about the diagnosis and treatment of habit cough, laryngeal ...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Connett GJ

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As "seizures beget seizures," it is essential to investigate the etiology and control seizures early. The multiplicity of causes, variability in the response to treatment and in the outcome, despite adequate treatment often create dilemmas for the physician. The best option for the clinician is to take cognizance of e...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Kalra V

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is increased interest in the surgical management of epilepsy in children in the last decade or two. The plasticity of the developing brain and realization of the deleterious effects of uncontrolled seizures on the brain have prompted earlier surgery where indicated. All patients with uncontrolled partial seizure...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Singh VP

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are 10 steps to consider in any research study. These steps can be used to perform a critical appraisal of a published paper, or to design your study in the first place. The use of a simple system such as this can ensure that biases in study design are avoided and that an appropriate study is developed. (1) What...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Heller R

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypophosphatemic rickets (HR) has generated a lot of interest in recent times. There is need to recognize this disorder and differentiate it from the more common nutritional rickets because the therapy is different. It is also important to emphasize that a detailed clinical examination with pedigree analysis and easil...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Garg RK,Tandon N

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the common life limiting inherited diseases in Caucasian population. Recent reports suggest that the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in Indian children is missed or delayed due to low index of suspicion. The diagnosis of cystic fibrosis is suspected by the typical clinical features and shou...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Kabra SK,Madhulika,Connett GJ,Rolles CJ

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study was conducted to assess copper and zinc levels in neonate's serum, mother's serum, neonate's hair and urine and to ascertain association between them. It is of concern whether zinc and copper deficiency is present at birth and maternal blood and breast milk zinc and copper levels have any effect on this. The...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Sharda B,Adhikari R,Ajmera M,Gambhir R,Singh PP

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anorectal malformations are one of the commonest anomalies in the new born. Major advances have been made in the last decade in operative techniques to reconstruct this abnormality. The final outcome in these babies is dependent on careful planning and operative intervention in the neonatal period. The purpose of this...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Chowdhary SK,Gupta A,Samujh R,Narasimhan KL,Rao KL

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The suitability of Clinical Assessment of Nutritional Status Score (CANSCORE) for the assessment of foetal malnutrition among 372 local Hyderabad newborns was studied. Details of length, weight and body mass index (BMI) at birth were related to total CANSCORE which consisted of scores ranging from 1 to 4 based on the ...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Rao MR,Balakrishna N,Rao KV

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Malaria is essentially a local and focal disease since its transmission depends greatly on local eco-environmental conditions. In India, the incidence of total malaria cases has been contained to around 2-3 million cases per year. However, with the occurrence of outbreaks in different parts of the country since 1994, ...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Lal S,Dhillon GP,Aggarwal CS

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 4 year-old girl had coxa vara, tibial bowing and hyperpigmented macules. The x-ray showed polyostotic fibrous dysplasia and evidence of rickets. Biochemical investigations confirmed hyperphosphaturic hypophosphatemic rickets. The literature has been reviewed. ...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Dutta S,Bagga A

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunoglobulin isotypes (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE) in serum were investigated in 64 Libyan children with mild to moderately severe asthma (age: 1-12 years; sex: 39 males, 25 females) (Group A) and in 57 healthy Libyan children (age: 1-12 years; sex: 30 males, 27 females (Group B). The patients were classified according...

journal_title：Indian journal of pediatrics

authors： Najam FI,Giasuddin AS,Shembesh AH

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00